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First Published in 1997. This is a case study of changing land-use
patterns in Brittany over nearly 2000 years.
Wide appeal to scholars in the field of medieval history / A
collection of papers by one of the foremost historians of the
social and economic structure of rural communities / Includes a
substantial corpus of Iberian evidence to set beside Frankish,
Italian, English and Scandinavian material
A collection of papers in English by one of the foremost historians
of the social and economic structure of medieval rural communities,
who here examines local societies in rural northern Spain and
Portugal in the early middle ages. Principal themes are scribal
practice and the analysis of charter texts; gift, sale and wealth;
justice and judicial procedures. Always with a concern for personal
relationships and interactions, for mobility, for decision-making
and for practice, a sense of land and landscape runs throughout.
The Spanish and Portuguese experience has seemed irrelevant to the
great debates of early medieval European history that occupy
historians. But Spain and Portugal shared the late Roman heritage
which influenced much of western Europe in the early middle ages,
and by the tenth century records and practice in Christian Iberia
still shared features with the Carolingian world. This book offers
a substantial corpus of Iberian evidence to set beside Frankish,
Italian, English and Scandinavian material and thereby makes it
possible for northern Iberia to play a part in these great debates
of medieval European history. (CS1084).
This volume focuses on Wendy Davies's work on early medieval Breton
texts and their implications. Beginning with core analyses of the
Redon and Landevennec cartularies, it continues with papers that
tease out some of the key social implications of the 9th-century
Redon material - on the nature of political power, on rural
communities, on the settlement of disputes, and on transmission of
property. While the Redon charters have long been known as a source
of fundamental importance for Breton history, the author's database
(established in the 1980s) allowed much greater understanding of
the role of individuals - at all social levels, and particularly
peasant level - than had previously been possible. Attention to the
detail of the east Breton past also includes papers on some of the
results of her fieldwork, on building stone in particular. Early
medieval Brittany is not merely interesting in itself (and it is
certainly not some Celtic backwater): Breton evidence can usefully
be differentiated from the evidence of other Celtic areas and has a
significant role in wider issues of European history. As well as
papers on the familiar themes of kingship, rulership, cult sites
and cemeteries, the final section highlights the distinctive
quality of the Breton evidence for the protection of sacred and
personal space, for slavery and serfdom and for village-level
courts.
Although it has a rich historiography, and from the late ninth
century is rich in textual evidence, northern Iberia has barely
featured in the great debates of early medieval European history of
recent generations. Lying beyond the Frankish world, in a peninsula
more than half controlled by Muslims, Spanish and Portuguese
experience has seemed irrelevant to the Carolingian Empire and the
political fragmentation (or realignment) that followed it. But
Spain and Portugal shared the late Roman heritage which influenced
much of western Europe in the early middle ages and by the tenth
century records and practice in the Christian north still shared
features with parts farther east. What is interesting, in the wider
European context, is that some of the so-called characteristics of
the Carolingian world - the public court, collective judgment - are
as characteristic of the Iberian world. The suggestion that they
disappeared in the Frankish world, to be replaced by 'private'
mechanisms, has played a major role in debates about the changing
nature of power in the central middle ages: what happened in
judicial courts has been central to the grand narratives of Duby
and successive historians, for they are a powerful lens into the
very real issues of politics and power. Looking at the practice of
judicial courts in Europe west of Frankia allows us to think again
about the nature of the public; identifying all the records of that
practice allows us to adjust the balance between monastic and lay
activity. What these show is that peasants, like other lay people,
used the courts to seek redress and gain advantages. Records were
not entirely framed nor practice entirely dominated by
ecclesiastical interests.
This title provides International A-level Economics teachers and
students with all the support they need for the OxfordAQA
International A-level Economics syllabus. It prepares students for
both exam success and university study by taking a thoroughly
international and rigorous approach to the subject, including
interesting and recent global case studies. Language support is
embedded and a clear structure ensures that all learners can reach
their full potential. It matches the OxfordAQA specification and is
written and reviewed by the examiners and teachers to provide full
support for the International A-level Economics qualification.
This title provides AS Economics teachers and students with all the
support they need for the OxfordAQA International A-level Economics
syllabus. It prepares students for both exam success and university
study by taking a thoroughly international and rigorous approach to
the subject, including interesting and recent global case studies.
Language support is embedded and a clear structure ensures that all
learners can reach their full potential. It matches the OxfordAQA
specification and is written by and reviewed by the examiners and
teachers to provide full support for the International A-level
Economics qualification.
This book is a collection of original essays on gift in the early
Middle Ages, from Anglo-Saxon England to the Islamic world.
Focusing on the languages of gift, the essays reveal how early
medieval people visualized and thought about gift, and how they
distinguished between the giving of gifts and other forms of
social, economic, political and religious exchange. The same team,
largely, that produced the widely cited The Settlement of Disputes
in Early Medieval Europe (Cambridge University Press, 1986) has
again collaborated in a collective effort that harnesses individual
expertise in order to draw from the sources a deeper understanding
of the early Middle Ages by looking at real cases, that is at real
people, whether peasant or emperor. The culture of medieval gift
has often been treated as archaic and exotic; in this book, by
contrast, we see people going about their lives in individual,
down-to-earth and sometimes familiar ways.
This title provides AS-level Economics teachers and students with
all the support they need for the new OxfordAQA Economics syllabus.
It prepares students for exam success by taking a truly
international and rigorous approach to the subject, that reflects
the latest UK standards, including case studies, which prepare
students for university study. Language support is embedded and a
clear structure ensures that all learners can reach their full
potential. It matches the OxfordAQA specification and is written by
and reviewed by the examiners and teachers to provide full support
for the new qualification.
This pioneering volume illuminates the practice of giving, endowing
and exchanging gifts in the early Middle Ages, from Anglo-Saxon
England to the Islamic world. Focusing especially on the language
associated with medieval gift giving, this important new work
examines how people visualized and thought about gift giving and,
importantly, how they distinguished between the giving of gifts and
other social, economic, political and religious exchanges. The
authors demonstrate that gift giving was already complex,
distinctive and sometimes contentious before the twelfth century
and operated within a broad international context. They draw from
the sources a deeper understanding of the early Middle Ages by
looking at real cases and real people: peasants, the elderly and
women, as well as elites. The culture of medieval gift has often
been treated as archaic and exotic; this book, by contrast, reveals
people going about their lives as individuals in down-to-earth and
sometimes familiar ways.
This is a collection of original essays on the relationship between
property and power, a fundamental theme in medieval history. It
addresses four main issues: the meaning of power over property; the
ways in which property conveyed power; the nature of immunities;
and the power of royal authority to affect property relations. The
areas studied include Wales, England, France, Germany, Italy, and
Byzantium, and the essays range across the period 650-1150. A
substantial introduction is included, which explains the nature of
the issues, and a conclusion expresses the team's overall view of
the subject. Aimed at a wide readership of both scholars and
students, the volume also includes a glossary to help readers who
may be unfamiliar with the material or the period.
This is a collection of original essays on the relationship between
property and power, a fundamental theme in medieval history. It
addresses four main issues: the meaning of power over property; the
ways in which property conveyed power; the nature of immunities;
and the power of royal authority to affect property relations. The
areas studied include Wales, England, France, Germany, Italy, and
Byzantium, and the essays range across the period 650-1150. A
substantial introduction is included, which explains the nature of
the issues, and a conclusion expresses the team's overall view of
the subject. Aimed at a wide readership of both scholars and
students, the volume also includes a glossary to help readers who
may be unfamiliar with the material or the period.
This is a collection of original essays on the settlement of
disputes in the early middle ages, a subject of central importance
for social and political history. Case material, from the evidence
of charters, is used to reveal the realities of the settlement
process in the behaviour and interactions of people - instead of
the prescriptive and idealised models of law-codes and edicts. The
book is not therefore a technical study of charters evidence. The
geographical range across Europe is unusually wide, which allows
comparison across differing societies. Frankish material is
inevitably prominent, but the contributors have sought to integrate
Celtic, Greek, Italian and Spanish material into the mainstream of
the subject. Above all, the book aims to 'demystify' the study of
early medieval law, and to present a radical reappraisal of
established assumptions about law and society.
Although it has a rich historiography, and from the late ninth
century is rich in textual evidence, northern Iberia has barely
featured in the great debates of early medieval European history of
recent generations. Lying beyond the Frankish world, in a peninsula
more than half controlled by Muslims, Spanish and Portuguese
experience has seemed irrelevant to the Carolingian Empire and the
political fragmentation (or realignment) that followed it. But
Spain and Portugal shared the late Roman heritage which influenced
much of western Europe in the early middle ages and by the tenth
century records and practice in the Christian north still shared
features with parts farther east. What is interesting, in the wider
European context, is that some of the so-called characteristics of
the Carolingian world - the public court, collective judgment - are
as characteristic of the Iberian world. The suggestion that they
disappeared in the Frankish world, to be replaced by 'private'
mechanisms, has played a major role in debates about the changing
nature of power in the central middle ages: what happened in
judicial courts has been central to the grand narratives of Duby
and successive historians, for they are a powerful lens into the
very real issues of politics and power. Looking at the practice of
judicial courts in Europe west of Frankia allows us to think again
about the nature of the public; identifying all the records of that
practice allows us to adjust the balance between monastic and lay
activity. What these show is that peasants, like other lay people,
used the courts to seek redress and gain advantages. Records were
not entirely framed nor practice entirely dominated by
ecclesiastical interests.
Resources designed to support learners of the 2010 BTEC Level 3
National Sport specification. Assessment activities in each unit
give students plenty of practice to deepen their knowledge and
understanding, and grading tips for every activity help them to
achieve their best possible grade. WorkSpace case studies take
learners into the real world of work, showing them how they can
apply their knowledge in a real-life context. Extensive unit
coverage: covering a wide range of popular optional units from the
Performance and Excellence, Coaching, Development and Fitness and
the Outdoor and Adventure pathways.
The most up-to-date research in the period from the Anglo-Saxons to
Angevins. This volume of the Haskins Society Journal continues its
tradition of publishing the best historical and interdisciplinary
research on the early and central middle ages in the Anglo-Saxon,
Anglo-Norman, and Angevin worlds. The topics of the essays range
from legal influences on Alfred's Mosaic Prologue, judicial
processes in tenth-century Iberia, and the ecclesiology of the
Norman Anonymous to the nature and implications of comital
authority in the eleventh- and twelfth-century Anglo-Norman realm
and conceptions of servitude in legal thinking in
thirteenth-century Catalonia. The volume also embraces art history,
with contributions on the medieval object as subject; the banquet
scene in the Bayeux Tapestry; and there is a synoptic archeological
exploration of early medieval Britain. Finally, an edition and
translation of the De Abbatibus of Mont Saint-Michel makes
available in complete and reliable form an important witness to
this Norman monastery's medieval past. Contributors: Thomas Bisson,
Charlotte Cartwright, Martin Carver, Kerrith Davies, Wendy Davies,
Paul Freedman, James Ginther, Stefan Jurasinski, Elizabeth Carson
Pastan.
This book explores social cohesion in rural settlements in western
Europe from 700-1050, asking to what extent settlements, or
districts, constituted units of social organisation. It focuses on
the interactions, interconnections and networks of people who lived
side by side - neighbours. Drawing evidence from most of the
current western European countries, the book plots and interrogates
the very different practices of this wide range of regions in a
systematically comparative framework. It considers the variety of
local responses to the supra-local agents of landlords and rulers
and the impact, such as it was, of those agents on the small-scale
residential group. It also assesses the impact on local societies
of the values, instructions and demands of the wider literate world
of Christianity, as delivered by local priests. -- .
This book explores social cohesion in rural settlements in western
Europe from 700-1050, asking to what extent settlements, or
districts, constituted units of social organisation. It focuses on
the interactions, interconnections and networks of people who lived
side by side - neighbours. Drawing evidence from most of the
current western European countries, the book plots and interrogates
the very different practices of this wide range of regions in a
systematically comparative framework. Neighbours and strangers
considers the variety of local responses to the supra-local agents
of landlords and rulers and the impact, such as it was, of those
agents on the small-scale residential group. It also assesses the
impact on local societies of the values, instructions and demands
of the wider literate world of Christianity, as delivered by local
priests. -- .
Epic rescues and intense emotions transform lives in this sweet
romance. Firefighter Aiden Hawk has found his calling—giving back
to the community that helped raise him—but deep down he longs for
more. When Summer Cassel comes into his life hope sparks, and he
dares to dream of a family to call his own, but each time he nears
her, his nerves kick in and a shy streak takes hold. When Aiden
moves in next door, Summer is determined to give him a proper
welcome. After all, the handsome man ignites a flame she can't seem
to resist. But, she doesn't take risks, especially those involving
her heart, so when she discovers there is more to her bashful
neighbor than meets the eye, Summer must make the ultimate
decision... Will she be bound by fear or released by faith? **All
Proceeds from the sale of this book are donated to Food for the
Poor (R)**
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